Innovations in the African context, especially sub-Saharan Africa, which has a large informal economy cannot be measured with the conventional metrics employed in developed economies. Hence, it is important to build capacity to develop appropriate system of innovation indicators for the African countries. The contributions in this edited book reflect on both informal and formal sectors by exploring why we need to and how we can develop innovation indicators that are appropriate for measuring and understanding the dynamics of the innovation in different sectors across different countries in Africa.